This dataset group provides atmospheric indices derived from ERA5 reanalysis data for South America, covering the period from 1 January 1960 to 31 December 2025. The available indices include the SACZ index, atmospheric blocking index, XHWI, and SPI, which support the diagnosis of extreme events and climate-related risks across the region.
The ERA5-derived SPI and XHWI datasets cover the domain from 56.89°S to 13.89°N and from 83.89°W to 32.11°W. The SACZ index covers the domain from 28.5°S to 16°S and from 43°W to 41°W, while the atmospheric blocking index covers the domain from 25°S to 10°S and from 60°W to 40°W.
The datasets are distributed in NetCDF4 format, follow CF conventions, include standardized units and complete metadata. The data were spatially subset for South America, with no regridding or bias correction applied.